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When you work with Laravel projects, sometimes you need to run background jobs. Docker makes it easy to setup Laravel with queue workers in a simple and clean way. Here we will see step by step guide to setup queue jobs in Laravel using Docker.

This guide is written in very simple words, so even if you are new to Laravel or Docker, you will be able to follow without any issue. Just read carefully and run the given commands one by one.

Step 1: Create Laravel Project

To get started, first create a new Laravel project by running the command below.

laravel new my-app

Step 2: Create Dockerfile

Now create a file named Dockerfile and add the following code. This file is used to build PHP and Composer environment inside Docker.

Dockerfile

FROM php:8.3-fpm

WORKDIR /var/www/html

RUN apt-get update & apt-get install -y     libzip-dev     unzip     && docker-php-ext-install zip pdo_mysql

# Install Composer
COPY --from=composer:latest /usr/bin/composer /usr/bin/composer

COPY . /var/www/html

# Install PHP dependencies
RUN composer install

RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html
RUN chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache /var/www/html/vendor
RUN chmod -R 775 /var/www/html/storage /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache /var/www/html/vendor

EXPOSE 80

Step 3: Create NGINX Config File

Next, create the default NGINX config file. This will define how the server handles PHP and routes.

.docker/apache/default.conf

server {
    listen 80;
    index index.php index.html;
    root /var/www/html/public;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass web:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_buffers 16 16k;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 32k;
    }

    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;
    }
}

Step 4: Create docker-compose.yml

Now create docker-compose.yml file. This file will setup services like PHP, Nginx, MySQL, Scheduler, and Queue workers.

docker-compose.yml

services:
  web:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    image: my-laravel-app
    volumes:
      - .:/var/www/html
      - /var/www/html/storage
      - /var/www/html/bootstrap/cache
      - /var/www/html/vendor
    working_dir: /var/www/html
    user: "www-data"
    depends_on:
      - db

  nginx:
    image: nginx:latest
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:  
      - .:/var/www/html
      - ./.docker/nginx/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
    depends_on:
      - web

  scheduler:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    image: my-laravel-app
    volumes:
      - .:/var/www/html
    working_dir: /var/www/html
    command: ["sh", "-c", "while [ true ]; do php artisan schedule:run --verbose --no-interaction; sleep 60; done"]
    depends_on:
      - db

  queue:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    image: my-laravel-app
    volumes:
      - .:/var/www/html
    working_dir: /var/www/html
    restart: always
    command: php artisan queue:work
    depends_on:
      - web
  
  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      MYSQL_DATABASE: laravel
      MYSQL_USER: laravel
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: secret
    ports:
      - "3307:3306"
    volumes:
      - dbdata:/var/lib/mysql

volumes:
  dbdata:

Run Laravel App:

All the required steps have been done, now you have to type the given below command and hit enter to run the Laravel app:

php artisan serve

Now, Go to your web browser, type the given URL and view the app output:

http://localhost:8080

Now you can use.